PowerShell创建Hyper-V虚拟机

在日常工作中，经常遇到Hyper-V创建虚拟机的情况。
手动创建十分繁琐且缓慢，以下是通过PowerShell创建Hyper-V虚拟机的方式。

PowerShell自动创建虚拟机

Install_Ubuntu.ps1

# 检查是否以管理员身份运行，如果不是，则重新以管理员身份运行

if (-not ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)) {
# 重新以管理员身份运行脚本
Start-Process powershell.exe -ArgumentList " -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File "$($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path)"" -Verb RunAs
Exit
}

function Create-VM {

Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string]$VMName,
    $VHDPath,  # VHD template path, can be empty
    $BootOp = "CD",   # Boot Up
    $VMRootPath = "F:\Hyper-V\",  # VM Save Path
    $VMGen = 1,   # Memory Gen 1 or 2
    $VMSwitch = "Default Switch",  # Switch Name
    $VMISOPath = "E:\系统盘\Ubuntu Server 22.04.3\ubuntu-22.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso",  # ISO path, can be empty
    $VMDiskSize = 50GB,
    $VMMem = 4GB,
    $VMProcessorCount = 2,
    $StaticMemory = $false
)

if ($VMRootPath -match "\\$") {
    $VMRootPath = $VMRootPath -replace "\\$"
}

# judge VM path --inexistence,Create
if (!(Test-Path -Path $VMRootPath)) {
    New-Item $VMRootPath -ItemType Directory
}

$VMPath = (Get-Item $VMRootPath).FullName + "\" + $VMName
if (!(Test-Path $VMPath)) {
    New-Item $VMPath -ItemType Directory
}

# Use existing template VHD or create a new one
if ($VHDPath) {
    Get-Item $VHDPath
    Copy-Item -Path $VHDPath -Destination $($VMPath + "\" + $VMName + ".vhdx")
    New-VM -Name $VMName -MemoryStartupBytes 4GB -Path $VMPath  -Generation 1 -SwitchName "Default Switch" 

    Add-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName $VMName  -Path $($VMPath + "\" + $VMName + ".vhdx")  -ControllerType IDE 
    $VMDiskDrive = Get-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName $VMName
    Set-VMFirmware -FirstBootDevice $VMDiskDrive -VMName $VMName

} else {
    $VMHDPath = $VMPath + "\" + $VMName + ".vhdx"

    # Check if file exists and delete if it does
    if (Test-Path $VMHDPath) {
        Remove-Item $VMHDPath -Force
    }

    $VMHDPath = New-VHD -Path $VMHDPath -Dynamic -SizeBytes $VMDiskSize
    New-VM -Name $VMName -MemoryStartupBytes $VMMem -Path $VMPath  -Generation 1 -SwitchName "Default Switch"  -BootDevice $BootOp
    Add-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName $VMName -Path $VMHDPath.Path -ControllerType IDE
}

if ($VMISOPath) {
    Set-VMDvdDrive -VMName $VMName -Path $VMISOPath
}

# Set VM Processor Count and Disable AutomaticCheckpoints
Set-VMProcessor -VMName $VMName -Count $VMProcessorCount -ExposeVirtualizationExtensions $true 
if ($StaticMemory) {
    Set-VM -AutomaticCheckpointsEnabled $false -VMName $VMName -StaticMemory
} else {
    Set-VM -AutomaticCheckpointsEnabled $false -VMName $VMName
}

Start-VM $VMName

}

Create-VM -VMName "Ubuntu 22.04" -VMISOPath "E:\系统盘\Ubuntu Server 22.04.3\ubuntu-22.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso" -VMGen 1

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